An integrated airborne laser scanning approach to forest management and cultural heritage issues: a case study at Porolissum, Romania

Authors

  • Anamaria Roman Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  • Tudor-Mihai Ursu Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  • Sorina Fărcaş Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 48 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  • Vlad-Andrei Lăzărescu Institute of Archaeology and History of Art Cluj-Napoca, Romanian Academy, 12-14 Kogălniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  • Coriolan Horaţiu Opreanu Institute of Archaeology and History of Art Cluj-Napoca, Romanian Academy, 12-14 Kogălniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2016.755

Keywords:

forest ecosystem management, cultural heritage management, landscape history, land use legacy, LiDAR, ancient Roman Period

Abstract

This paper explores the opportunities that arise where forest ecosystem management and cultural heritage monuments protection converge. The case study area for our analysis was the landscape surrounding the Moigrad-Porolissum Archaeological site. We emphasize that an Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS or LiDAR-Light Detection and Ranging) approach to both forest management and cultural heritage conservation is an outstanding tool, assisting policy-makers and conservationists in decision making for integrated planning and management of the environment. LiDAR-derived surface models enabled a synoptic, never-seen-before view of the ancient Roman frontiers defensive systems while also revealing the present forest road network. The thorough and accurate road inventory data are very useful for updating and modifying forest base maps and registries and also for identifying the priority sectors for archaeological discharge. The ability to identify and determine optimal routes for forest management and to locate previously unmapped ancient archaeological remains aids in reducing costs and creating operational efficiencies as well as in complying with the legislation and avoiding infringements. The potential of LiDAR to demonstrate the long-term and comprehensive human impact on wooded areas is discussed. We identified a significant historical landscape change, consisting of a deforestation period, spanning over more than 160 years, during the Roman Period in Dacia (106-271 AD). The transdisciplinary analysis of the LiDAR data provides the base for combining knowledge from archaeology, forestry and environmental history in order to achieve a thorough analysis of the landscape changes and history. In the “nature versus culture” dichotomy, the landscape, outfield areas and forests are primarily perceived as nature, while in reality they are often heavily marked by human impact. LiDAR offers an efficient method for broadening our knowledge regarding the character and extent of human interaction with landscapes – forested or otherwise.

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2017-03-10

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