The mycobiota of needles and shoots of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) with symptoms of Herpotrichia needle browning in the Tatra Mts. (Poland)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2020.1978Keywords:
Tatra National Park, health status of silver fir, Herpotrichia needle browning, Herpotrichia parasitica, Nematostoma parasiticumAbstract
The European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) has the largest distribution area of all the European species of fir. It is the only species of this type found in the Carpathian Mts., including their highest range - the Tatras, where it constitutes one of the main components of lower montane forests. In certain sections of the Carpathian Mountains fir stands are affected by the competitive pressure of beech. This may be due to climate change, as well as biotic factors such as plant diseases. One such disease is Herpotrichia needle browning. The goal of the present research was to assess the occurrence of Herpotrichia needle browning in the Tatra National Park and determine the species composition of fungi colonizing symptomatic needles and shoots. Symptoms of the disease were observed across the entire research period, i.e., from May to mid-September 2019. They included the wilting of the needles with subsequent mycelial growth on the remains, as well as shoot deformation. The mycological analysis of the needles and shoots of A. alba resulted in the isolation of 22 fungal taxa. In the case of the needles and shoots, which showed symptoms of infection, the most frequent species of fungus was Sydowia polyspora (Bref. & Tavel) E. Müll., followed by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. and Rhizosphaera macrospora Gourb. & M. Morelet. Herpotrichia needle browning seems to be triggered by a complex disease resulting from synergistic interaction of several fungal pathogens.References
Bencheva S., 2017. First report of Delphinella abietis (O. Rostrup) E. müller on Abies alba Mill. in Bulgaria. Silva Balcanica 18(1): 59–62.BLAST database, 2020. Available online: https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi?PROGRAM=blastn&PAGE_TYPE=BlastSearch&LINK_LOC=blasthome (accessed on 23 March 2020).Bodziarczyk J., Szwagrzyk J., Zwijacz-Kozica T., Zięba A., Szewczyk J., Gazda A., 2019. The structure of forest stands in the Tatra National Park: The results of 2016–2017 inventory. Forest Research Papers 80(1): 13-21. DOI: 10.2478/frp-2019-0002Boratyński A.,1983. Systematyka i geograficzne rozmieszczenie. In Białobok S. (ed.), Jodła pospolita Abies alba Mill. PWN, Warszawa-Poznań, Poland, 41-86.Butin H., 1995. Tree Diseases and Disorders. Causes, Biology and Control in Forest and Amenity Trees. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 252 p.Butin H., 2014. "Herpotrichia" needle browning of silver fir-an error and its revision. Forstschutz Aktuell 59: 12–14.Catalogue of Life, 2020. Available online: http://www.catalogueoflife.org (accessed on 23 March 2020).Doyle J.J., Doyle J.L., 1990. Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12: 13–15.Druzhinina I.S., Kopchinskiy A.G., Komoń M., Bissett J., Szakacs G., Kubicek C.P., 2005. An oligonucleotide barcode for species identification in Trichoderma and Hypocrea. Fungal Genetics and Biology 42: 813–828. DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2005.06.007Index Fungorum, 2020. Available online: http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/names.asp (accessed on 23 March 2020).Jankowiak R., Bilański P., Paluch J., Kołodziej Z., 2016. Fungi associated with dieback of Abies alba seedlings in naturally regenerating forest ecosystems. Fungal Ecology 24: 61–69. DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2016.08.013Jaworski A., Pach M., 2013. Zmiany udziału buka, jodły i świerka w dolnoreglowych drzewostanach naturalnych w rezerwacie „Dolina Łopusznej” (Gorczański Park Narodowy). Sylwan 157(3): 213–222. DOI: 10.26202/sylwan.2012079Kowalski T., Andruch K., 2010. Herpotrichia needle browning on Abies alba in the Lesko Forest District stands: disease intensity and associated fungi. Phytopathologia 55: 21–34.Kowalski T., Andruch K., 2012. Mycobiota in needles of Abies alba with and without symptoms of Herpotrichia needle browning. Forest Pathology 42(3), 183–190. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00738.xLorenzi E., Lorando E., Picco A.M., 2006. Microfunghi endofitici ed epifitici di Picea abies (L.) Karst. in ambiente naturale ed antropizzato in Lombardia. Forest@ 3(3): 426–436. DOI: 10.3832/efor0386-0030426Maresi G., Ambrosi P., Angeli F., Capretti P., 2001. Arrossamenti delle chiome e Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubàk su Picea abies in Trentino. [Redness of the needles and Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubàk on Picea abies in Trentino]. Monti e Boschi 52(3-4): 19–23.Metzler B., Hecht U., Nill M., Brüchert F., Fink S., Kohnle U., 2012. Comparing Norway spruce and silver fir regarding impact of bark wounds. Forest Ecology and Management 274: 99–107. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.02.016Minter D.W., 1981. Lophodermium on pines. Mycological Papers 147: 1–54.Nawrot-Chorabi K., Jankowiak R., 2010. Interakcje pomiędzy kalusem trzech genotypów Abies alba a grzybami o różnym statusie ekologicznym. [Interactions among three genotypes of Abies alba callus and fungi with different ecological status]. Leśne Prace Badawcze 71(4): 381–389. DOI: 10.2478/v10111-010-0033Pan Y., Ye H., Lu J., Chen P., Zhou X.D., Qiao M., Yu Z.F., 2018. Isolation and identification of Sydowia polyspora and its pathogenicity on Pinus yunnanensis in Southwestern China. Journal of Phytopathology 166(6): 386–395. DOI: 10.1111/jph.12696Pitt J.I., Hocking A.D., 2009. Fungi and food spoilage. Springer, New York, USA, 520 p. DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-92207-2Radwańska−Paryska Z., 1975. Materiały do rozmieszczenia dendroflory Tatr i Podtatrza. [Materials for the distribution of dendroflora of the Tatras and Podtatrze]. Studia Ośrodka Dokumentacji Fizjograficznej PAN 4: 13−77.Ridout M., Newcombe G., 2018. Sydowia polyspora is both a foliar endophyte and a preemergent seed pathogen in Pinus ponderosa. Plant Disease 102(3): 640–644. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-07-17-1074-REScattolin L., Montecchio L., 2009. Lophodermium piceae and Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii in Norway spruce: Correlations with host age and climatic features. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 48(2): 226–239. DOI: 10.14601/Phytopathol_Mediterr-2789Siber-Canavesi F., Sieber T.N., 1993. Successional patterns of fungal communities in needles of European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.). New Phytologist 125: 149–161. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1993.tb03873.xTalgø V., Chastanger G., Thomsen I., Cech T., Riley K., Lange K., Klemsdal S., Stensvand A., 2010. Sydowia polyspora associated with current season needle necrosis (CSNN) on true fir (Abies spp.). Fungal Biology 114(7): 545–554. DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.04.005Talgø V., Stensvand A., 2012. Foliage diseases on true fir (Abies spp.) in Norway. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development 4(9): 246–251. DOI: 10.5897/JAERD12.061Watanabe T., 2010. Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi: morphologies of cultured fungi and key to species, 3rd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA, 426 p. DOI: 10.1201/EBK1439804193-c3White T.J., Bruns T., Lee S., Taylor J., 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In Innis M.A., Gelfand D.H., Sninsky J.J., White T.J. (ed.), PCR Protocols: A guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA, pp 315–322. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1Zíbarová L., Kout J., 2017. Xylariaceous pyrenomycetes from Bohemia: species of Biscogniauxia and Hypoxylon new to the Czech Republic, and notes on other rare species. Czech Mycology 69(1): 77–108.Zwijacz-Kozica T., 2003. Jodła w Tatrach. [Fir in the Tatra Mountains]. Las Polski 10: 23.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
All the papers published in Annals of Forest Research are available under an open access policy (Gratis Gold Open Access Licence), which guaranty the free (of taxes) and unlimited access, for anyone, to entire content of the all published articles. The users are free to “read, copy, distribute, print, search or refers to the full text of these articles”, as long they mention the source.
The other materials (texts, images, graphical elements presented on the Website) are protected by copyright.
The journal exerts a permanent quality check, based on an established protocol for publishing the manuscripts. The potential article to be published are evaluated (peer-review) by members of the Editorial Board or other collaborators with competences on the paper topics. The publishing of manuscript is free of charge, all the costs being supported by Forest Research and Management Institute.
More details about Open Access:
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_access
