Variation in strobilus and cone production in clonal seed orchards of Anatolian black pine
Variation in strobilus and cone production in seed orchards of black pine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2025.3751Abstract
Anatolian black pine [Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] is an economically and ecologically important forest tree species with a natural distribution of 4.2 million ha, 32% of which is unproductive in Turkish forestry. The species is widely used in afforestation and conversion of unproductive forests by deploying genetically improved seed from seed orchards. Estimated variation in reproductive characters can be used as an important guide for managing seed orchards. The number of cones, female and male strobili were studied in three seed orchards established in 1991, 1993 and 1985 composed of 30, 30 and 34 clones each. Five grafts of each clone were evaluated from each seed orchard for two consecutive years (2022-2023). This study estimated the variation of broad-sense heritability (H2) and the correlation among cone and strobili production at the graft and clone level. Significant (p<0.05) differences were found for most characters among clones within the orchard, and between years, with low values in the younger seed orchard. Female strobili seemed a good predictor for cone production. However, the heritability in broad sense was on average below 0.5 for all characters in each seed orchard.References
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